Trunk vessels (aorta, vena cava, abdominal branches)
Renal arteries
Arteria renalis (dextra et sinistra)
- Origin
- Arise laterally from the abdominal aorta at L1-L2 level (just below the SMA)
- Insertion
- Pass into the renal hilum; the right renal artery is longer and passes posterior to the IVC
- Function
- Deliver 20-25% of resting cardiac output to the kidneys for filtration, metabolic waste clearance, and parenchymal oxygenation
- Innervation
- Renal plexus (sympathetic T10-L1 modulating renal vascular resistance and renin release)
- Movement & chain
- Low-resistance pulsatile arterial flow
- Palpation
- Flank/epigastric auscultation for renovascular bruits
- Clinical
- Renal artery stenosis (atherosclerosis in elderly or fibromuscular dysplasia in young females, producing refractory renovascular hypertension through RAAS hyperactivation), renal artery thrombosis/embolism with acute renal infarction.
- Segmental innervation
- T10-L1 spinal levels
- In clinical practice
- Duplex ultrasound resistive index (RI) and peak systolic velocity (PSV) tracking, post-angioplasty groin puncture monitoring, serum creatinine and blood pressure trend analysis
- Region in the model
- Trunk vessels (aorta, vena cava, abdominal branches)