Upper limb

Rhomboid Major

Musculus rhomboideus major

Origin

Spinous processes of T2-T5

Insertion

Medial border of the scapula, below the spine of the scapula

Function

Retraction and elevation of the scapula; downwardly rotates the glenoid cavity

Innervation

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4-C5)

Movement & chain

Works together with rhomboid minor and the transverse (middle) fibers of the trapezius to pull the scapula toward the spine, opposing serratus anterior

Palpation

Palpable medial to the scapula, between the medial border of the scapula and the spine, during retraction of the shoulder blades (e.g. hands pressing on the hips)

Clinical

Weakness contributes to a protracted shoulder posture ("rounded shoulders"), often associated with prolonged screen work

Segmental innervation

Dorsal scapular nerve, C4-C5.

In clinical practice

A frequent site of myofascial trigger points and interscapular pain complaints in prolonged seated screen work; often a target of postural correction exercise therapy.

Region in the model

Upper limb