Trunk vessels (aorta, vena cava, abdominal branches)
External iliac arteries
Arteria iliaca externa (dextra et sinistra)
- Origin
- Arises from the bifurcation of the common iliac artery at the sacroiliac joint
- Insertion
- Courses along the medial border of the psoas major, passing beneath the inguinal ligament via the vascular lacuna to continue as the femoral artery
- Function
- Primary arterial conduit to the lower extremity, giving off the inferior epigastric and deep circumflex iliac arteries prior to entering the thigh
- Innervation
- Perivascular sympathetic plexus
- Movement & chain
- High-velocity pulsatile flow
- Palpation
- Palpable along the pelvic brim and above the mid-inguinal point
- Clinical
- Peripheral arterial disease (iliac stenosis causing thigh/calf claudication), transfemoral access route for TAVR and EVAR (calcium scoring and diameter screening), post-catheterization pseudoaneurysm.
- Segmental innervation
- L2-L4 spinal levels
- In clinical practice
- Post-femoral sheath removal hematoma checks, distal extremity neurovascular checks (color, warmth, pulse strength, CRT)
- Region in the model
- Trunk vessels (aorta, vena cava, abdominal branches)