Trunk (thorax, abdomen, back)

Longissimus Cervicis

Musculus longissimus cervicis

Origin

Transverse processes of the upper thoracic vertebrae (T1-T5)

Insertion

Transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae (C2-C6)

Function

Extends the cervical spine; unilateral contraction produces lateral flexion to the same side

Innervation

Dorsal rami of the cervical and upper thoracic spinal nerves

Movement & chain

Together with longissimus capitis and thoracis forms the long, superficial component of erector spinae that keeps the trunk and neck in extension against gravity and flexion moments

Palpation

Palpable in the deep posterolateral cervical column between spinous and transverse processes.

Clinical

Extends and ipsilaterally rotates the neck; prime contributor to tension-type cervicogenic headache and postural fatigue.

Segmental innervation

Dorsal rami C2-T5

In clinical practice

Ergonomic patient repositioning (log-roll technique in spinal trauma) and pressure offloading; maintain neutral spinal alignment in bedridden patients.

Region in the model

Trunk (thorax, abdomen, back)