Lower limb

Abductor digiti minimi of the foot

Musculus abductor digiti minimi pedis

Origin

Lateral and medial processes of the calcaneal tuberosity, plantar aponeurosis

Insertion

Lateral side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the fifth toe

Function

Abduction and flexion of the fifth toe at the MTP joint; supports the lateral longitudinal arch of the foot

Innervation

Lateral plantar nerve (branch of the tibial nerve), S2-S3

Movement & chain

Together with abductor hallucis and the short toe flexors, supports the lateral arch of the foot during the stance and push-off phases of gait.

Palpation

Can be felt as a thickening along the lateral border of the sole, from the heel to the base of the little toe.

Clinical

The branch of the lateral plantar nerve to this muscle (Baxter's nerve) can become entrapped and is a recognized, often underestimated cause of chronic medial heel pain alongside plantar fasciitis.

Segmental innervation

S1–S2 (lateral plantar nerve)

In clinical practice

Diabetic foot inspection and pressure ulcer prevention; monitor for friction points from footwear or bedding and ensure correct anti-embolism stocking fit.

Region in the model

Lower limb