Corpus3D

Elbow

Elbow valgus stress test

What you examine
Integrity of the ulnar collateral ligament.
Procedure
Fix the upper arm and apply valgus to the forearm, first in full extension and then at 20 to 30 degrees of flexion. Feel the medial joint line with your other hand.
Positive when
More gapping than on the other side, or recognisable pain medially.
What the test is worth
Testing at 20 to 30 degrees of flexion is decisive: in full extension the olecranon in its fossa absorbs most of the valgus and the ligament seems intact.
Caution
In throwing athletes this is the ligament that becomes chronically overloaded. Complaints during throwing with an intact test still deserve to be taken seriously.
Joint
Elbow joint
Body region
Elbow

Structures involved