Corpus3D

Knee

Valgus and varus stress test

What you examine
Injury of the collateral ligaments.
Procedure
Test in full extension and at 30 degrees of flexion. Apply valgus for the medial ligament, varus for the lateral one.
Positive when
Increased opening with a soft end feel.
What the test is worth
Opening at 30 degrees of flexion points to the collateral ligament alone; opening in full extension means the capsule or a cruciate ligament is involved as well.
Caution
Always compare with the other knee: physiological laxity varies widely between people.
Joint
Knee joint
Body region
Knee

Structures involved